An examination of the various materials used to provide roof and floor coverings in historic residential and commercial buildings. Slate, wood shingle, clay tile, composite shingle, metal panels, and built-up roofs will be examined. Floor cloths, carpets, terrazzo, ceramic, linoleum, and hardwood techniques like marquetry and parquetry will be examined. In addition, alternate sustainable materials for each system will be discussed. Installation, repair, deterioration problems, and maintenance concerns will be the emphasis of each material.